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1
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A Discussion on Hui Shiqi and His Ritual Study from
the Perspective of "Han-Song Learning" in the Early
Qianlong Era
This article aims to describe and analyze
the academic life of Hui Shiqi, a senior Wu Scholar, and
to argue that ""Han Learning"" (Hanxue) and Wu school
hadn’t achieved its prosperity in the first year of the
reign of Qianlong (1736-1795) Emperor in the Qing
dynasty. After struggling with calamities in most of his
life, Hui became a member of the Sanli Commission in his
later years. In 1736, Hui participated in the writing
and editing works of Commentaries on the Three Books on
Rites (Sanli Yishu). However, Hui made little
contribution to the Commission’s work, since few
colleagues approved of?his research methods. Fang Bao,
one of directors of the Sanli Commission, held different
views from Hui’s about the study of Zhouli. Hence, Hui
was excluded from the compiling work of Zhouli Yishu.
Hui’s research on Ritual Study demonstrated some
characteristics of Hanxue, such as knowledgeability and
philology. Unfortunately, Hui’s attitude towards Ritual
Study was not accepted by his colleagues. Few of his
rough draft of Yili Yishu were adopted in Sanli Yishu.
In 1740, Hui left the Sanli Commission. He died two
years later. In 1744, his son Hui Dong put forward a
demand of developing Hanxue, and became an influential
scholar in the Qianlong academia.
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Zhang, Tao
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2
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Aging and Sophistication:The Creative Subject of Yu
Guangzhong's Late Poetry
This article examines issues on
"Contemporary-Chinese-Poetry" of Yu Guangzhong’s works
written in the late period. On one hand, we squarely face
the fact that the poet 'was young,' in terms of
reconstructing the historical process of "challenging the
writing brush with a pen" in his early period. On the
other hand, in consideration of culture, temperament,
poetic art, and other factors, this article explores the
aesthetic issues in Yu's late poetry. We find that Yu
Guangzhong established an image of a cultural hero through
debates in the 1960s, opening a number of battlefields by
the pen in his hand: mocking that the cultured people who
protected tradition were "dancing the eight-row dance,"
ridiculing the new literature of the May Fourth as an
"old, half-dead woman," and finally, using "The Prodigal
Son" to criticize radical modernism. Starting from the
1970s, Yu's consciousness of aging was gradually
increasing, although due to the accumulation of works,
both his writing skills and themes repeated. In some of
good works, he is able to express emotions of aging, going
beyond the traditional style of "sighing oldness and
sorrowing for being lowly" and not limited to the model of
"aging and indifference." Carefully studying the works
written in Yu Guangzhong's late period could help break
the stereotype of "respecting/disgusting the aged" and
reevaluate the significance of the aesthetics of aging in
modern literature.
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Liu, Cheng-chung
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3
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The Asymmetric Mutuality: From the Debate between
Levinas and Ric?ur to the Relation of “Ren” and “Li”
in Analects
Inspired by the debate between Levinas and Ric?ur about
the tension of “asymmetry” and “mutuality,” this article
takes a new perspective of the structure of “ren” and
“li” in Analects. The challenge from Levinas is
considered by Ric?ur the primary asymmetry in the
relation of one and the other. To remain this asymmetry,
Ric?ur, by reinterpreting the exchange of gifts,
develops the mutuality that overcomes the reciprocal
economic activities. This “asymmetric mutuality” will
guide us into a new world in Analects. We firstly
confirm the same asymmetry in the ethical practice of
Confucianism centering on “ren.” During the process of
interpreting the “kejifuli”(realize oneself to resume
the ritual), we can further discover the expectation of
receiving responses from the other in terms of “li.” It
is just on the conditions of the inoperativity of “li’s”
norm that the two sides, absolutely by each’s
benevolence, are able to accomplish the behavior of “li”
together, which finally leads to the realization of the
mutual recognition of Junzi (the exemplary person) and
the other.
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Li, Yu-zhong
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4
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Introspecting the Nature and Arguments of Human
Rights by Han Fei
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Since Han Fei emphasized the respect for the emperors and
severe laws and punishment, his thoughts could not be
conceived as protection of human rights. When exploring
traditional Chinese political thoughts, scholars in human
rights tend to refer their arguments to Confucius and
Mencius. This study, with the western view of human
rights, however, focuses on Han Fei’s thoughts of
Legalists. Upon the comprehension and definition of
essence of human rights, this article presents the value
of Han Fei’s human rights and further reflects on
essential disputes of human rights brought up by Han Fei
in terms of three aspects: the recognition of gains and
losses, severe laws and punishment, and restriction
against emperors.
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Lin, Yu-ching
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5
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On Schelling's Transcendence of Idealism and Realism
in his Freiheitsschrift
This article examines Schelling's solution to the issue of
the opposition between freedom and necessity in his
Freiheitsschrift (1809). Its primary aim is to shed light
on Schelling's insight through his critique on idealism
and realism. The article is divided into four sections.
After a brief introduction to the leading question,
section one describes Schelling’s refutation that freedom
is incompatible with determinism. In order to solve the
problem, section two depicts that he interprets the law of
identity as a creative one. Then he criticizes that the
idealistic freedom cannot account for the "specific
difference" of human freedom or human's "capacity for good
and evil," which is illustrated in section three. It is
the author’s view that the issue of evil challenges all
philosophical system, not just idealism and realism. Based
on the author’s view, section four demonstrates that
Schelling's philosophical system of freedom aims at a more
inclusive systematic philosophy which transcends the
opposites of idealism and realism.
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Huang, Wen-hong
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