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1
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A Neo-Confucian Theory of “Achieving Oneness with the
Myriad Things” and Corresponding Moral Practice in the
Ming Dynasty: With Emphasis on the Moral Practical
Theory of Luo Jinxi
“To achieve oneness with the myriad things” is one of
the most important topics in Chinese philosophy and was
widely discussed by Chinese Confucians, Buddhists and
Daoists. As it is not a common experience generally, in
recent years scholars have associated it with a mystical
experience. Confucianism is known for rationalism and
pragmatism, nevertheless, it has also developed an
elaborate theory of “achieving oneness with the myriad
things”. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, Confucians
promoted different moral practices, such as to act
intuitively, be self-confidence, focus on daily
routines, and feel inner peace and pleasure, and so on.
These are consistent with the features of a mystical
experience. In the past, these moral practices were
often regarded as byproduct of Buddhist and Daoist
influence. By exploring the content and evolution of the
theory of “achieving oneness with the myriad things”
during the Ming dynasty, this paper tries to refine this
view, and to expand the Confucian tradition to
include the non-rational domain—that is, to prove
Confucianism contains mystical thinking as well.
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Huang, Shu-ling
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2
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Tracing Renxin shixing: From Ma Fu’s Thoughts on
Confucian Classics to Jiang Nianfeng’s Hermeneutics
of Classical Studies
By adopting a comparative philosophical approach, Jiang
Nianfeng has emphasized Ma Fu’s thinking and
interpretations. He presented two propositions which
connect Ma Fu’s thoughts on classical studies:
hermeneutics of Confucian Classics and the spirit
phenomenology of xing. By so doing, Jiang Nianfeng has
made Confucian Classics, along with their culture and
thoughts, more integrated into contemporary discourse on
knowledge. This study will explore the concept renxin
shixing via an investigation into Ma Fu’s thoughts on the
Classics and
Jiang Nianfeng’s hermeneutics of the Confucian Classics.
This paper will use the key notions to consider the
interconnections between these two scholars’ discourses
and thought. By discussing where their thoughts meet and
differ, such a study also sheds light on the transmission
of Chinese culture and of Confucian thinking.
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Wu, Kuan-hung
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3
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Taking Care of One’s Soul
Plato in his early dialogues, such as the Apology,
Alcibiades I, and Gorgias, exhorts the Athenians,
especially those who are political leaders or military
generals, to pay attention in caring for their own souls
and souls of the citizens. However, how to care for the
soul is not described in detail in these dialogues. This
paper explores two related topics: First, by virtue of
looking into the
dialogues, I hope that the idea of the tripartite soul
explicitly featured in the Republic can be shown to be
hidden in these early dialogues; Second, if the idea of
the tripartite soul implicitly exists in the early
dialogues, then the passages on the system of education
in the Republic can provide the problem of how to take
care of one’s soul in lieu of a detailed account.
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Hsu, Hsei-yung
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4
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Identity between the “Great Politics” and the
“Philosophy of Future”: An Interpretation of the
Whole Philosophy of Nietzsche
This paper
attempted to explore into the whole philosophy of
Nietzsche from a different perspective: the role of the
politics in Nietzsch’s thought. It proposed that there was
an identity between the great politics and the philosophy
of future. That is, in Nietzsche’s world, via the analysis
of his epistemology and his understanding of metaphysics,
the politics was always a first and intrinsic
determination if people tried to understand the reality by
following Nietzsche’s logic of diversity and plurality.
Also, through the model of body, Nietzsche
intended to prove that the organism was nothing more than
a process of organization, simply like a political
organization in particular. What Nietzsche tried to do, in
fact, was the revolution, since he believed that the Being
was political and the way that one thing became real would
be conceived as a process of politics: a political
organization or a fight of multiples forces.
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Lee, Chien-chang
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5
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The Word in Revelation and Tradition: On the
Philological Metacritique of Kant’s Transcendental
Philosophy by J. G. Hamann
The philosophical
and linguistic writings of Johann Georg Hamann
foreshadowed and impacted generations of thinkers, but
today he is mostly unknown. Through a reexamination of his
“philological metacritique” of Kant’s transcendental
philosophy and Herder’s theory of human origin of language
this paper tries to present Hamann’s views on the nature
of language, which include his emphasis on the essential
character of revelation and tradition in words.
Hamann justified two important principles in the
philosophy of language: that thought is essentially
dependent on language, and that meaning should be
identified with usages of words. He also linked the
“receptivity of language” and “spontaneity of concepts”
with a vision of linguistic revelation and tradition
through one’s own nation, so that he can overcome the
dichotomy between sensibility and understanding in Kant’s
solipsism of pure reason. Drawing upon Hamann’s writings,
this paper will conclude with some important points
relevant
to understanding current hermeneutic and pragmatic
philosophy.
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Lin, Yuan-tse
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6
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The Theory of "Intuition" in Nishida Kitaro's
Philosophy
My primary concern in this thesis is to elucidate the
meaning of intuition in the philosophy of Nishida
Kitaro. It is my view that Nishida's philosophy is
trying to rediscover the meaning of the daily life in
this world. Under this intention his theory of intuition
plays an important role.
I focus on the discussion of his "pure
experience" and "acting intuition." In
the first section I explicate the basic meaning of
intuition as used by Nishida. According to him,
intuition is a direct grasping of daily life in this
world without the mediation of reflective thought. This
distinguishes intuition from perception, which
presupposes a subject-object dichotomy. In section two I
try to reconstruct his philosophy of pure experience
according to a group of concepts— differentiation and
non-differentiation, which is, in my view, the basic
structure
of our daily experience. In section three I turn to his
concept of "acting intuition."
Acting-intuition means not the opposition between action
and intuition, but their mutual generation. Intuition is
emphasized in this context as a creative action in the
historical world. Finally in section four I try to
expound some possible horizons that are opened by
Nishida's theory of intuition.
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Huang, Wen-hong
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