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1
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The Ranks and Orders of Yin-yang and Wuxing: The
Philosophical Perspective of Dong Zhongshu’s
Relationship between Heaven and Man
Dong Zhongshu’s teachings on yin-yang and wuxing is a
classic element of Han Confucian thought. Nevertheless,
Dong’s teachings have caused four principal irresolvable
questions among scholars. Firstly, what kind of
association is there between yin-yang and wuxing in
Dong’s eyes? Can yin-yang and wuxing be theorized
separately? Secondly, is there any rank or order between
yin and yang? Does the theory of yin-yang conform to the
theory of zhonghe? Thirdly, how do the theories of
wuxing and santong relate to each other? Finally, is
there enough evidence to support Dong’s theory of the
harmony between heaven and man?
Dong’s theory of heaven and man is basically positioned
once the first three aforementioned questions are
addressed. The result of the fourth question can show
that the fundamental direction of this theory makes an
important contribution to the history of thought.
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Fung, Shu-fun
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2
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The Sentence Patterns Expressing Simile in Chinese
Buddhist Sutras in the Middle Chinese Period
In this paper, we show that the sentence patterns
expressing simile such as “X xiang 像 Y yiyang 一樣
(nayang 那樣, side 似的) ” in Modern Chinese and “X ru
如Y yiban 一般 (xiangsi 相似) ” in Early Mandarin
Chinese have their Middle Chinese equivalents, which can
be identified as “X ru 如 Y yizhong 一種,” “X ru 如 Y
xiangsi 相似,” or “X ru 如 Y wuyi 無異.” Indian people
like to speak in similitudes, so sentences expressing
simile are very common in Chinese Buddhist sutras. This
is why there is a great deal of examples of these forms
in Chinese Buddhist sutras. Buddhist sutras were brought
to China around the Middle Chinese period. Therefore, by
examining the rich Buddhist texts we can observe the
process of the development of sentences expressing
simile at the time well. In this paper, we propose that
the sentence patterns expressing simile in Middle
Chinese were mainly derived from the contraction of
compound sentences and came into being by the analog of
the construction of “X yu 與 Y yizhong 一種 (wuyi 無異,
xiangsi 相似)” which expresses likeness or similarity
between X and Y. The reason why “wuyi 無異,” “xiangsi
相似,” and “yizhong 一種” could replace the “然” in “X
ru 如 Y ran 然” in Old Chinese is because of the
tendency for bi-syllablization of lexicons at the time.
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Wei, Pei-chuan
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3
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Debates on Yang-ming Learning by Chinese and Korean
Envoys in the Late Sixteenth Century and Their
Significance: With Emphasis on Heo Bong and Yuan
Huang
This paper will examine two controversies created by
envoys from the Ming dynasty and from Joseon Korea by
comparing the development of Yang-ming learning in each
country. It will also illustrate the interactions
concerning Yang-ming learning through envoys. The first
controversy focused on Wang Yangming himself as he
became an adjunct object of worship at the Confucian
Temple. This occurred in 1547 when the Joseon envoy, Heo
Bong (1551-1588), crossed swords with Chinese literati
and scholar-officials over Wang’s part through written
communication. The second controversy arose in 1592 when
the Ming Dynasty sent a military staff officer, Yuan
Huang (1533-1606), to advise Korea on her war against
Japan. Yuan provoked a conflict with the Joseon
Confucians by slandering Zhu Xi and defending Wang
Yangming. This paper will examine the different
arguments by intellectuals from both countries on
Yang-ming learning. Moreover, the profound meaning of
Yang-ming learning in East Asia will also be
explored.
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Chang, Kun-chiang
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4
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A Study of Chien Mu’s Concept of Confucianism and His
Perspective on the Theory of Morals and Value
Professor Chien Mu (1894-1990) occupies a prominent
position as an influential historian in modern China.
His research on Chinese history has been highly
appraised. But at the same time, his obvious Confucian
style is also quite controversial. This study tries to
interpret and evaluate, through a thorough examination,
the fundamental structure of Chien’s philosophical
standpoint, and his application of the Confucian
concepts and ideas. The author argues that, although
most of Chien’s contemporary critics have treated him as
a conservative Confucian scholar, yet in dealing with
China’s challenge of modernization, Chien’s basic issue
has always been a genuinely modern one. Not only does
Chien’s entire life’s work of interpreting Chinese
history revaluate the fundamental essence of the
culture, his concept of value also reveals a new attempt
to reestablish the Confucian system in accord with his
idea of the modern scholarship.
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Tai, Ching-hsien
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5
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Transition and Formation: Liberal Arts College (NTU)
under the Presidencies of Zhuang Chang-kong and Fu
Ssu-nien (1948-1950)
This thesis attempts to probe the process and
development of National Taiwan University (NTU) and its
Liberal Arts College in the last half of early postwar
times. There are three main focuses of this research.
First, from the point of view of the University, it
surveys two presidents’ role in this transition and
reconstruction period. They are Profs. Zhuang Chang-kong
(莊長恭) and Fu Ssu-nien (傅斯年). I will discuss their
administrative ideas and practical methods. Second, from
the level of the college itself, I will rebuild the Dean
Shen Kang-po (沈剛伯)’s contribution of college affairs.
Third, this study will survey the transformation of
following fields: Chinese Literature, English Language
and Literature, History, Philosophy, and Archaeology
& Anthropology which include the problems of
re-appointing all Taiwanese junior faculty, continuing
to select engaged Japanese faculty and inviting new
faculty members for service from mainland China.
This research is not only about one university or one
college, but also an important issue of Chinese academic
history and the cultural history of Taiwan.
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Lee, Tong-hwa
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6
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Love’s Disembodiment: Evolution of Lovesickness in
Early Modern Medical Texts
Throughout the Middle Ages, love was understood to
involve both the body and the soul. Aristotle’s faculty
psychology, Hippocrates’ humor theory, and Galen’s
clinical observations together established the
foundation for a medical discussion of love. Their
theories were developed and synthesized by Eastern
medieval doctors, and then reintroduced to Europe in the
eleventh century. Eros was a disease both mental and
somatic, a perspective reflected in its etiology,
symptoms, and treatments. Bridging body and mind,
imagination became prominent in medieval medical and
literary discourses on love. Led by Ficino, Renaissance
Neoplatonists changed this dualistic outlook by denying
the physical aspect of love. According to them,
phantasms are more beautiful than the beloved’s person,
and purely spiritual union suffices. Their disembodiment
of love eventually permeated early modern medicine. Many
sixteenth- and seventeenth-century doctors subscribed to
the theory by separating love from sex and prioritizing
the imaginative over the corporeal. Ferrand’s
comprehensive treatise illustrates his profound
knowledge in the subject, but also betrays the
physicians’ impotence in curing this disease of the
mind, thus ironically surrendering their territory to
philosophy, poetry, and religion.
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Lei, Bi-qi Beatrice
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7
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The Making of Lutheran Cultural Politics in Light of
the Controversy over Religious Imagery: A Case Study
of the Reception of the Protestant Reformation in
Nurnberg
This paper aims to investigate how Martin Luther and
the Nurnberg city government managed to deal with the
controversy over religious imagery in the heyday of
iconoclasm during the 1520s. With reflections on
Luther’s assertion in the Invokavitpredigten of 1522
that the religious art in Nurnberg was by no means to be
abolished, we gain an insight into the mutual
understanding and the well-functioned communication
between Luther and the Nurnberg lay elites in the early
phase of the Reformation. In terms of this, we take a
further step to examine to what extent the Nurnberg lay
elites’ religious behavior and their concern over the
survival of religious culture impact Luther’s making of
his cultural politics to fight against the rising
radical reformation.
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8
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Research on Richard Wagner’s Die Feen
This paper focuses on Richard Wagner’s first
accomplished opera Die Feen. Through the reconstruction
of historical background and the analysis of dramatic
techniques, the changes and acceptance of Gozzi’s
original, and the commentaries of other interpretations,
it tries to demonstrate that this opera inherited the
old tradition from the Romanticism of E. T. A. Hoffmann,
yet didn’t actually reflect the revolution spirit in
1830’s, and so already represented the inception of
Wagner’s conservative tendency after the 1848/49
Revolution. Some contemporary German scholars attempt to
connect Die Feen with transitions of the time, so as to
shape Wagner’s image into a leftist artist and to
diminish his intimacy with Nazi ideology. These efforts
are shown to be only contrived transfigurations.
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9
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A Shaping of the Intellect: McDowell’s Self in Mind
and World
This paper ventures to propose a McDowellian
account of self by articulating a rationale
underpinning McDowell’s conception of self. The
rationale identified and explored is also the one
McDowell offers for the objectivity and
intentionality of experience, which is the
coordinating theme that McDowell explores in Mind
and World. More specifically, I advocate two theses:
(1) McDowell’s assurance on the objectivity of
experience can be extended to the objectivity of our
“intellectual life” and the norms governing our ways
of thinking and doing. (2) McDowell’s assurance
would endorse or, at least strongly suggest, a
conception of self in which a self has to be
conceived not only as an embodied self in the
empirical world, but also as a self with
intellectual life in the realm of reasons. This is a
kind of hybrid view on self, but the hybrid account
McDowell would endorse is much richer than a mere
inseparability of one’s consciousness and one’s
body. It is in fact saying that it is impossible to
isolate oneself from one’s body (hence the empirical
world in which it resides), one’s personal
intellectual life (created by self-decisions in
responding to the demands issued by the space of
reason and those imposed by the empirical world) and
the space of reason created socially and cumulated
historically.
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