Notes on Fromkin, An Introduction to Language, Chapter Two
Vocabulary
and proper names:
functional asymmetry 功能上的不對稱
unequivocal
毫不含糊的;明確的
anatomical → anatomy 解剖學
cortex, pl.: cortices 腦皮層
neurobiological
神經生物學的
underpinnings 支撐; 建築物下面的基礎
Antonio
Damasio
Hippocrates 希波克拉底
Hippocratic oath (醫科學生) 誓約 (立誓拯救人命及遵守醫業準繩)
cognition,
cognitive 認知 (上的)
language acquisition 語言習得
Assyrian 亞述的
Babylonian 巴比倫的
cuneiform
楔形文字的
disorder 失調; 病
papyrus 紙莎草紙
Plato 柏拉圖
Aristotle 亞里斯多德
treatise
論文; 專著
neurolinguistics 神經語言學
Winnie
the Pooh
nerve cell, neuron 神經細胞
gray matter 灰質
white matter 白質
cerebral
hemisphere 大腦半球
corpus callosum 胼胝體
contralateral 對側的
localization
局部化
modularity 模組性
Franz
Joseph Gall
phrenology 骨相學; 骨理學
Johann
Spurzheim
faculty 本領
Broca's area, Broca's region 布洛卡區
autopsy
屍體解剖、驗屍
aphasia 失語症
trauma 外傷,傷口; (感情等方面的) 創傷
paralysis 麻痺, 癱瘓
Wernicke's
area, Wernicke's region 韋尼克氏區
jargon: A characteristic language of a particular
group (as among thieves) 行話; 黑話
positron emission tomography (PET)
scan 正子斷層掃描
metabolic → having to do with the metabolism 新陳代謝
MRI
= magnetic resonance imaging 磁振造影儀
fMRI = functional MRI 功能性核磁共振造影
lesion
病灶
temporal lobe 顳葉
parietal lobe 頂葉
Brain parts and functions (easier):
http://library.thinkquest.org/J002391/functions.html
Parts
of the brain (more advanced):
http://www.abta.org/pdf/ABTA%20Primer-Chapter%201.pdf
Brainarium
Glossary
http://www.morphonix.com/software/education/science/brain/game/brainarium/brainarium_glossary.html
hemiplegic
偏癱
paraplegic 下身麻痺的
quadriplegic 四肢麻痺的
split-brain patient 裂腦患者
ipsilateral
同一側的
event-related brain potentials (ERPs) 事象相關誘發電位; 事件誘發電位
specific language
impairment (SLI) 特定型語言障礙
savant 白癡天才/奇才、學者症候群
Williams syndrome 威廉氏症候群
Turner's
syndrome 透納氏症
critical-age hypothesis 關鍵年齡（年紀、時期）假設（假說）
pidgin 洋涇濱語
creole
克里奧爾語
monogenetic 一元發生的
Stephen
Jay Gould 古爾德
Good introduction to the brain:
Carter,
Rita. 1999. Mapping
the Mind. London: University of California Press. 224pp. Paper.
Another
interesting book on the brain:
Ramachandran, V. S. 1999. Phantoms
in the Brain. New York: HarperCollins/Quill. 328pp. Paper.
Good
tape series on the brain, in the NTU AV library:
Mechanics
of the Mind. Reith Lectures 1976. Colin Blakemore. (AC) BF171 B583
3 tapes.