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Profits and Losses from Currency Intervention

Hailong Jin and E. Kwan Choi

Working paper

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Kwan Choi

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This paper investigates the possible gains from currency intervention by central banks using a two-period framework in which a trade surplus in one period must be offset by a trade deficit in the next period. It is shown that when the interest rate is zero, the optimal policy is nonintervention. If the interest rate is positive, a country may earn positive profits by incurring a trade surplus in the first period. However, there is an upper bound for optimal trade surplus. A country actually may lose money if the rate of devaluation below the equilibrium is greater than the interest rate. A linear model suggests that China may have been losing money from excessive devaluation of renminbi since 2002.