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Rivalry between strategic alliances

Anming Zhang and Yimin Zhang

International Journal of Industrial Organization 24 (2006) 287-301

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    A strategic alliance might be viewed as a lesser form of a merger. While merger activities have slowed down significantly since 2000, strategic alliances are increasingly, and widely, used by firms. In this paper, we investigate the issue of strategic alliances and alliance rivalry¡Xwhere each alliance member maximizes its own profit and some share of its partner¡¦s profit¡Xin the context of both within-alliance and cross-alliance interactions. Our second objective is to investigate whether strategic alliances should be viewed as causes for anticompetitive concerns. We examine a complementary alliance in which two firms link up their complementary products in the context of competing strategic alliances.

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A complementary alliance confers a strategic advantage by allowing the partners to credibly commit to greater output, owing to both within-alliance complementarities and cross-alliance substitutabilities. Although rivalry between different alliances can sometimes lead to a Prisoners¡¦ Dilemma for firms, it tends to improve economic welfare. On the other hand, an alliance that arises due purely to the threat of entry may reduce welfare.

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